Aviation-oriented Micromachining Technology-Micro-ECM in Pure Water

This article proposes a precise and ecofriendly micromachining technology for aerospace application called electrochemical machining in pure water （PW-ECM）. On the basis of the principles of water dissociation, a series of test setups and tests are devised and performed under different conditions. These tests explain the need for technological conditions realizing PW-ECM, and further explore the technological principles. The results from the tests demonstrate a successful removal of electrolytic slime by means of ultrasonic vibration of the workpiece. To ensure the stability and reliability of PW-ECM process, a new combined machining method of PW-ECM assisted with ultrasonic vibration （PW-ECM/USV） is devised. Trilateral and square cavities and holes as well as a group of English alphabets are worked out on a stainless steel plate. It is confirmed that PW-ECM will be probably an efficient new aviation precision machining method.     

一种新的微细精密航空制造技术—纯水微细电解加工的工艺研究(英文)

为了寻求航空精密微细制造新技术并实现绿色制造和精密微细制造,对一种新型微细电解加工方法——纯水微细电解加工进行了研究。基于水解离机理,在新研制的试验装置上,采用不同的试验条件,进行了一系列工艺试验,探索并揭示了实现纯水微细电解加工的必要工艺条件和工艺规律,加工了圆孔和字母"PW-ECM";还研究了超声振动—纯水电解复合加工新方法,进而在不锈钢薄片上加工出三角、方形盲孔、三角通孔;试验研究结果证明了纯水微细电解加工的可行性。     

红外地球敏感器地面静电放电模拟试验方法研究

 设计了红外地球敏感器的地面模拟卫星静电放电试验方法。对卫星的空间环境以及结构特点的分析结果表明,地球同步静止轨道卫星表面存在静电放电的可能性。通过静电放电试验找到了红外地球敏感器易受干扰的部位并提出了解决措施。     

孔间距和前倾角对进出口扩张形气膜孔流量系数的影响(英文)

Discharge coefficients of 3-in-1 hole of three inclination angles and three spacing between holes are presented which described the discharge behavior of a row of holes. The inlet and outlet of the 3-in-1 hole both have a 15° lateral expansion. The flow conditions considered are mainstream turbulence intensities and density ratios of secondary flow to mainstream. The momentum flux ratios varied in the range from 1 to 4. The comparison is made of the discharge coefficients of three shaped holes to find an optimal hole with low flow loss. The results show that the discharge coefficients of 3-in- 1 hole are highest in three shaped holes and therefore this article is focused on the measurements of discharge coefficients of 3-in-1 hole for various geometries and aerodynamic parameters. The measured results of 3-in-1 hole indicate that turbulence intensities, density ratios and momentum flux ratios have weak influence on discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 20°. The high turbulence intensity yields the small discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 45° and 90°. The increased both momentum flux ratios and density ratios lead to the increased discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 45° and 90°. The increased inclination angle causes the rapidly increased discharge coefficients. There is a weak dependence of discharge coefficients on hole pitches.     

Operating characteristics of a high radius pre-swirl cooling system

An experimental investigation into pre-swirl effectiveness and receiver hole discharge coefficient characteristics for a high radius injection pre-swirl cooling systems was carried out on a physically representative experimental rig with a 450 mm diameter rotor.The receiver holes and pre-swirl nozzle were located at a radius of 181 mm and 180 mm respectively.The experimental work was mainly conducted at 5 000～12 000 r/min,4 bar absolute pressure and 1.132 kg/s air supply.The maximum air supply temperature was 190 ℃.Pressure and temperature distributions in the pre-swirl system were examined with an emphasis on the velocity effectiveness of the pre-swirl system as a whole and on the discharge coefficients of the rotating 'receiver holes' in the rotor.The results showed that the velocity effectiveness increased with increasing swirl ratio resulting in reduced blade cooling flow temperature.Different seal flow configurations caused very different effectiveness at different speeds,but outflow through the inner and outer seals always gave the highest effectiveness compared other configurations.Increasing the seal flow rate reduced the effectiveness.For the coefficient of discharge,except for the low speed range,it increased with increase in swirl ratio for most speeds.      

基于有限元仿真的航空整体结构件变形校正

针对航空整体结构件变形复杂、校正效果难以定量预测的工程问题,基于有限元仿真技术,综合研究加工变形—校正过程,对航空整体结构件的变形校正有限元建模、校正过程数值模拟、校正参数确定、校正载荷施加形式及校正残余应力等关键技术进行了研究,并运用上述技术对某航空铝合金材料整体结构件进行了变形校正有限元数值模拟.结果表明,综合研究加工变形—校正过程,提取变形有限元模型作为初始校正模型,进行有限元加载—卸载分析,可很好地模拟校正过程,并获得实际需要的校正参数.      

基于三维场路协同方法的静电损伤仿真测试平台

静电放电已经逐渐成为导致各类电子设备故障的主要原因之一,在电子产品研制过程中通常采用实物测试方式检验产品抗静电能力,但该方式耗费资金过大、可重复性差同时易损伤受试设备。在这种情况下,建立基于三维场路协同方法的静电损伤仿真测试平台有效地解决了上述问题。该平台以电脑仿真技术（CST）软件为基础,通过构建静电放电枪模块,结合受试设备模块和仿真参数设置模块,以时域有限积分法求解器进行仿真,并利用数据输出和处理模块得出结果。利用建立好的仿真测试平台对一台数据传输设备进行8 kV接触放电,观察其表面电流和磁场分布,并对其造成的传导干扰和辐射干扰进行分析。通过建立静电损伤仿真测试平台,实现了静电放电测试的可重复以及无损伤的目的,具有较强的工程指导意义。      

双臂自适应夹具加工变形控制方法

在叶片加工过程中,由于叶片的薄壁和曲率多变特点,易受装夹、切削力和残余应力的影响而产生弯曲、扭转变形。针对该问题,本文提出了一种双臂自适应夹具加工变形控制方法,将加工过程中产生的变形逐层消除。首先,对叶片的变形成因进行分析;然后,通过对无应力装夹和加工应力释放原理进行研究,设计了一种可提供6个自由度的自适应装夹机构,并对该机构进行了工程设计和机构分析;最后,基于这种6自由度双臂自适应装夹机构,形成了本文提出的加工变形控制工艺,不需多次修复基准和更换机床,就可以逐层消除新产生的变形。实验结果表明,采用双臂夹具自适应加工变形控制方法,可以有效控制叶片加工过程中产生的变形,使叶片的轮廓误差降为原来的50%,提高了其加工精度。     

离子电推进技术的发展现状与未来

离子电推进是最具代表性和技术成熟度的电推进技术类型之一。本文从放电室技术、离子光学系统技术、放电阴极和中和器阴极技术的优势、缺憾等方面,总结了离子电推进的技术发展现状。针对未来航天任务对离子电推进更大功率、更高比冲、更简系统等新需求,分析了传统离子电推进所面临的主要技术挑战,梳理出了环型离子电推进、双级加速离子电推进、自中和离子电推进、螺旋波放电离子电推进等创新离子电推进技术发展的未来方向。     

新型免抬式电动刀架的研究

本文介绍了一种ＣＮＣ机床新型免抬式电动刀架的机械结构及控制电路。该电动刀架采用梯形螺柱螺套副升降机构，可使刀架转位分度时无需抬起上刀体。刀架转位分度采用机－ 电结合的方法，即先在控制电路中使用霍尔元件进行粗定位，再在机械上采用三齿盘实现精定位。